Calling the emergency line 112
155 in case of accident, 112 in case of traffic accident
When to ALWAYS call the emergency line
– in life-threatening conditions (respiratory and circulatory arrest, unconsciousness, severe external bleeding)
– severe trauma to the head, spine, chest, abdomen, pelvis
– in traffic accidents involving injured persons
– in sudden conditions (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, severe allergic reaction, …)
– severe or extensive burns
– inability to walk + unbearable pain
How to call the emergency services 155
WHERE?
– city/municipality
– street, number, entrance, floor
– clues
WHAT?
– conscious / unconscious
– breathing / not breathing
– not bleeding / bleeding
– symptoms….
WHO?
– age
– gender
– essential facts
Application ZÁCHRANKA
– precise GPS location
– one-button emergency call
– “I can’t talk” – sending a data SMS
– map of automated external defibrillators (AEDs)
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)
USE OF AED DURING CPR
FIRST AID FOR UNCONSCIOUSNESS
THE STOP OF THE BLEEDING
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
FIRST AID FOR FRACTURES
TRAFFIC ACCIDENT PROCEDURE
SUFFOCATION
The goal of CPR is to restore the supply of oxygenated blood to the brain. The main success factor is the speed of initiation and the effectiveness of the resuscitation. After 4-5 min from the cessation of circulation of oxygenated blood in the brain, brain cells begin to die irreversibly at normal temperature. Even if professional rescuers later manage to restore circulation, higher brain functions are permanently damaged.
Up to 80 %of heart failure regardless of the origin of the cause, the first minutes have a heart rhythm disturbance – ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia. Through an AED, a controlled electrical discharge called defibrillation can be delivered, which can restore normal heart rhythm.
The causes of unconsciousness can be non-traumatic (alcohol poisoning, hypoglycaemia, epileptic seizure or stroke) and traumatic (concussion, bruising or damage to the skull and brain).
Causes of bleeding can be car accidents, serious workplace injuries (accidents with machines, saws, circular saws, …), carelessness with sharp objects, amputation injuries or open fractures. In case of massive bleeding, there is the least time to save the victim. After 1-1,5 minutes of massive bleeding, the person loses such a large amount of blood that rescue is no longer possible. Therefore, we first stop the bleeding and only then call the emergency medical service.
Always cool burns with clean cold tap water for 20 min or until it brings relief.
Fractures can be caused by falls, impacts, high-energy injuries (e.g. car accidents) or pressure on bones/joints.
In the event of a car accident, we stop our own car at a safe distance behind the accident (the distance depends on the location of the accident). Secure the vehicle against movement, switch on the hazard lights and remove the keys from the ignition. Put on a reflective vest, take a first aid kit, mobile phone and warning triangle before getting out of the car.
The first manoeuvre is the punches between the shoulder blades (Gordon manoeuvre) and the compression of the abdomen (Heimlich manoeuvre). The person performing the manoeuvre stands behind the person who is choking. One hand is clenched into a fist and placed between the lower end of the sternum and the umbilicus. With the other hand, the person embraces the other hand, grasps the fist of the other hand and presses up and in strongly.